Guide de pêche du Costa Rica

Les espèces de poissons les plus communes que l'on trouve au Costa Rica et dans le Pacifique oriental

Guide d'identification des poissons

⭐ Espèces de poissons courantes au Costa Rica & dans le Pacifique Est
⭐ Idéal pour les plongeurs & étudiants pour améliorer l’identification des poissons
⭐ Rejoignez notre programme de conservation marine au Costa Rica
⭐ Aidez-nous à collecter des données importantes sur les populations de poissons locales
⭐ Testez vos compétences – faites notre quiz d’identification des poissons !

FISH-ID QUIZ

Choisissez une catégorie de poissons

1. Disks and Ovals / Colorful

The first category of disk and oval shaped fish are very important to learn. They are colorful, large and very obvious and the three main families that make up the group can be found on almost every dive.

3. Sloping Head / Tapered Body

This third group of “fish-like” fish, are very important to learn. The are common on most dives and are also highly sought after as food fish. It is especially important to monitor these fish to provide data for fisheries management. Snappers can be very difficult to tell apart from the similarly shaped grunts. One helpful hint is to look at their tails. Snappers tend to have straight, flat tails. They are also known for their habit of snapping their mouth open and shut when caught on hook and line. They have very sharp canine teeth that can provide a nasty bite to the unsuspecting angler. Look closely on your next dive and you may see the small teeth protruding from the side of the mouth. Grunts on the other hand, have slightly notched tails. They get their name from the grunting sounds they emit when threatened. These sounds are created by rubbing together bony teeth plates located in the back of the throat. Since the teeth are in the throat, a diver will never see protruding teeth on a grunt, only big blubbery fish lips.

4. Small Ovals / Damselfish

While divers tend to first notice the larger, more obvious fish on a dive, after a short while the challenge to find new species leads them to change their search image to look for smaller, previously unnoticed fish. Generally, the first new species a diver will encounter will belong to the small oval shaped group. This group is broken into the damselfish and their close cousins the chromis. Damsels are like the surgeonfish in that they eat algae. They do not roam around grazing, but rather tend to small algae gardens like a farmer. These areas are guarded fiercely as the algae farm is the damsels food source. For that reason you can think of the damselfish as not just territorial, but Dam- selfish with its territory. Many damselfish have distinctly different colors as juveniles, often being much brighter and more colorful when they are young and becoming drab with age. (much like us humans!) For this reason, the juveniles have been heavily collected for the aquarium trade and are under heavy fishing pressure. As part of the REEF Fish Survey Project, divers are asked to monitor the juveniles and adults separately in two of the damselfish species – the Cortez damselfish and the giant damselfish.

5. Heavy Body / Large Lips

Heavy bodied, large lipped fish belong to the seabass family. We tend to refer to the larger seabasses as groupers and the smaller seabasses as bass or basslets. These fish are extremely important food fish and are under increasing threats from heavy fishing pressures. Monitoring these fish can help provide valuable data to aid in their protection. Most seabasses are hermaphrodites, meaning the same fish will be both a male and a female during its lifetime. The groupers are all born female and later change sex to become male. Most large groupers also congregate each year to spawn at a specific location, making them easy targets for emerging positioning and fishing technology.

6. Swim with Pectorals / Obvious Scales

The fish in this group all use their pectoral fins to swim with rather than the traditional tail swimming of most other fish. The scales are also quite large and obvious. These fish can also be hermaphrodites, like the groupers, with some fish changing sex and others staying the same. Intermediate and adult fish often have very different appearances compared to the always-male terminal phase. This means learning two colors to be able to ID the same species of fish. Most of the pictures shown in this curriculum are terminal phase males, unless noted.

8. Small, Elongated Bottom Dwellers

The small bottom dwelling fish often make up the most interesting fish to watch during your dive. Their approachable nature and interesting behaviors make them great fishwatching finds. Blennies tend to be slightly larger than gobies, but are most easily recognized by their curved body posture and expressive faces. Gobies, though similar in their habitat requirements, tend to sit flat and straight on the bottom. The jawfishes actually live in a burrow in the sand that they excavate and maintain.

11. Eels

Though looking like snakes, eels are fish. There are several different types of eels, and we will look at two – garden eels that live in burrows in the sand and moray eels. Moray eels have a bad reputation mainly due to the constant opening and closing of their sharp toothed mouths. However, this is not a threat to divers, as this action pumps water through their gills. Most eels are actually very shy.

Comment utiliser ce guide des poissons

La plongée sous-marine et avec tuba nous offre l'opportunité d'explorer l'un des habitats les plus beaux et les plus mystérieux de la planète.

L'océan Pacifique oriental est une vaste étendue marine d'une richesse incroyable, abritant une incroyable diversité de vie marine. L'un des aspects les plus fascinants de cet écosystème est la multitude de familles de poissons qui peuplent ses eaux. Parmi les nombreuses familles de poissons présentes dans le Pacifique oriental, le Costa Rica se distingue comme un haut lieu de la biodiversité.

Le littoral rocheux volcanique et les îles au large abritent une remarquable variété d'espèces qui se sont adaptées à diverses niches écologiques et habitats. Ce guide d'identification des poissons vous aidera à découvrir certaines des familles de poissons les plus communes du Pacifique oriental.

Pour votre commodité, ce guide est divisé en 12 catégories selon les caractéristiques communes des familles de poissons, telles que la taille, la forme, la couleur, le comportement et les motifs. Étudiez chaque catégorie et apprenez à identifier les espèces de poissons communes et leurs familles.

Si vous aimez l'identification des poissons, nous vous recommandons vivement de rejoindre notre programme de conservation marine et de nous aider à surveiller les populations de poissons et à contribuer à la science et à la conservation au Costa Rica !

Conservation marine
Programme Costa Rica

Explorez les meilleurs sites de plongée du Costa Rica et observez poissons tropicaux, tortues, raies aigles et requins de récif tout en contribuant à des efforts de conservation essentiels.

⭐ Découvrez la frontière de plongée sauvage du Costa Rica
⭐ Expérience pratique en conservation marine & certifications
⭐ Travaillez avec des pros de la plongée & ONG locales
⭐ Contribuez positivement à la protection des océans
⭐ Programmes de 1 à 4 semaines & parcours Eco Divemaster